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FHWA Highway Safety Programs

Appendix B: Sample Emphasis Areas

Appendix B: Sample Emphasis Areas

Emphasis Area Measure(s) Potential Strategies
Reduce Distracted Driving
  • Reduce annual distracted driving crashes from 100 in 2010 to 90 or fewer in 2020 (a 10-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual distracted driving injuries from 40 in 2010 to fewer than 36 in 2010 (a 10-percentreduction).
  • Develop a public outreach campaign that coincides with other jurisdictions’ efforts to raise awareness about distracted driving.
  • Reduce roadside distractions.
  • Pass and enforce legislation that specifically penalizes distracted driving, including making
    distracted driving a subsection of negligent driving.
  • Increase the use of techniques that limit the frequency and severity.
Increase Occupant Protection
  • Reduce annual unrestrained crashes from 20 in 2008 to 5 or fewer in 2018 (a 75-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual unrestrained injuries from 16 in 2008 to fewer than 4 in 2018 (a 75-percent reduction).
  • Increase safety belt use from 75 percent in 2008 to 90 percent or greater in 2018 (a 17-percent increase).
  • Develop an incentive/recognition program for law enforcement efforts.
  • Conduct an enforcement program that targets pickup truck drivers and passengers.
  • Conduct sustained high-visibility enforcement initiatives.
  • Continue current best practice enforcement and educational programs (e.g., Chiefs’ Challenge, Click It or Ticket).
  • Provide more paid media campaigns in local publications.
  • Conduct outreach to teens.
Reduce Impaired Driving
  • Reduce annual alcohol-related crashes from 9 in 2009 to 3 or fewer in 2014 (a 67-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual impaired driving injuries from 10 in 2009 to fewer than 2 in 2014 (an 80-percent reduction).
  • Increase the number and effectiveness of sobriety checkpoints and targeted enforcement.
  • Enact stronger and more effective legislation, such as license suspension or mandatory ignition interlocks for first time offenders.
  • Develop educational programs targeting specific audiences, such as elementary and middle school students, or the 18-to-34 year-old age group.
  • Create effective media campaigns in both visual and print media.
Speed Management
  • Reduce annual aggressive driving injuries from 24 in 2009 to fewer than 20 in 2014 (a 17-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual fatalities involving excessive speed from 15 in 2009 to 10 or fewer in 2014 (a 50 percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual injuries involving excessive speed from 100 in 2009 to fewer than 75 in 2014 (a 25-percent reduction).
  • Change the driving culture by conducting and supporting public education and outreach activities that elevate the awareness of the dangers of aggressive driving.
  • Educate the judiciary and elected officials on the risks associated with aggressive driving.
  • Communicate the factors associated with aggressive driving to the transportation engineering and planning communities.
  • Increase enforcement targeting aggressive driving.
Develop Safe Teen Drivers
  • Reduce annual crashes involving teen drivers from 200 in 2009 to 150 or fewer in 2020 (a 25-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual injuries involving teen drivers from 50 in 2009 to fewer than 25 in 2020 (a 50-percent reduction).
  • Review, evaluate, and improve the driver preparation program.
  • Develop a program to increase enforcement, prosecution, and adjudication of young driver traffic law violations.
  • Identify opportunities for engineering solutions to prevent young driver crashes through road safety audits and other measures.
Eliminate Highcrash Locations  
  • Conduct a public information and education campaign targeting the various aspects of hazardous locations.
  • Identify best practices and innovative enforcement techniques to eliminate highcrash locations in high-crash pedestrian locations and in work zones.
  • Conduct road safety audits targeting high-risk pedestrian and intersection locations to determine the contributing crash factors and identify effective countermeasures.
  • Develop and implement projects to reduce or eliminate safety hazards or otherwise to enhance safety for road users.
Reduce Roadway/Lane Departures
  • Reduce annual run-offthe-road fatalities from 8 in 2009 to 4 or fewer in 2020 (a 50-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual run-offthe-road injuries from 40 in 2009 to fewer than 30 in 2020 (a 25-percent reduction).
  • Implement stricter law enforcement of motor vehicle laws and increase fines for serious violations that result in run-off-the road crashes (e.g., driving too fast for conditions).
  • Improve data collection and analysis for fatal and injury run-off-the-road crashes to provide critical information to transportation planners and engineers.
  • Evaluate pavement strategies to reduce speed and increase friction (e.g., pavement type, pavement application method, pavement marking spacing).
  • Improve traffic control strategies to provide positive guidance to keep vehicles on the road.
  • Implement forgiving roadway designs that mitigate the impact of cars leaving the road.
Improve Incident Response
  • Reduce crash injury mortality by 10 percent or greater by 2015.
  • Improve electronic data and voice communications for emergency response.
  • Improve resource deployment for emergency service response.
  • Develop a safer, faster EMS response.
  • Improve crash scene safety.
  • Improve patient care.
Improve Intersection Safety
  • Reduce annual intersection-related fatalities from 12 in 2009 to 6 or fewer in 2020 (a 50-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual intersection-related injuries from 60 in 2009 to fewer than 45 in 2020 (a 25-percent reduction).
  • Reduce the number of conflict points and provide better guidance for motorists at intersections.
  • Develop a system to track and evaluate countermeasure effectiveness at high-crash intersections.
  • Encourage more multidisciplinary collaboration at the State and local level on intersection safety.
  • Create intersection safety checklists for existing conditions and new design.
Increase Non-Motorized Road User Safety
  • Reduce annual pedestrian injuries from 15 in 2009 to fewer than 10 in 2015 (a 33-percent reduction).
  • Conduct public education and outreach to motorists to raise their awareness of pedestrian and bicyclist safety needs.
  • Conduct periodic roadway safety assessments of locations with growing traffic and pedestrian volumes and locations at greatest risk for pedestrian fatalities and injuries, and share information with other local partners.
  • Implement effective countermeasures for problem areas as determined by roadway safety assessments.
  • Educate the judiciary on the importance of penalties for violation of pedestrian laws.
  • Identify opportunities for alternate funding; for instance, the Safe Routes to School Program.
Increase Safe Driving Behaviors in Older Drivers
  • Reduce annual fatalities involving drivers 65 years or older from 12 in 2009 to 8 or fewer in 2020 (a 33-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual injuries involving drivers 65 years or older from 120 in 2009 to less than 100 in 2015 (a 17-percent reduction).
  • Develop effective methods to identify at-risk older drivers.
  • Develop enhanced training for emergency service personnel on the proper assessment and triage of older persons at crash scenes.
  • Incorporate the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) Older Driver and Pedestrian Guidelines into the local design guidelines.
Reduce Nighttime Crashes
  • Reduce annual nighttime fatalities from 36 in 2009 to 32 or fewer in 2015 (an 11-percent reduction).
  • Reduce annual nighttime injuries from 96 in 2009 to fewer than 80 in 2015 (a 17-percent reduction).
  • Review, evaluate, and replace signage showing wear or reduced retroreflectivity.
  • Review and evaluate locations exhibiting higher incidence of nighttime crashes for possible supplementary lighting.
Improve Crash Data Reporting
  • Improve crash report submission time from 90 days to 30 days.
  • Identify best practices in crash reporting, as well as barriers to complete, accurate, and timely information.
  • Standardize crash reporting policies and protocols for all agencies operating within the jurisdiction.
  • Identify tools to increase timely and accurate reporting (e.g., GPS devices and laptops in responding vehicles).