Bicycle Road Safety Audit Guidelines and Prompt Lists

May 2012
FHWA-SA-12-018

Notice

3. DEPLOYMENT OF INDIVIDUAL COUNTERMEASURES

This chapter discusses the full deployment of countermeasures. Data collection and evaluation were conducted at selected intersections.

Bibliography

Abasahl, F. (2013). Spatial Factors Impacting Non-Motorized Exposures and Crash Risks. Master’s Thesis. Western Michigan University. June 2013.

Abdel-Aty, M. (2003). Analysis of driver injury severity levels at multiple locations using ordered probit models. Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 34, No. 5, pp. 597–603.

Abdel-Aty, M., and J. Keller. (2005). Exploring the overall and specific crash severity levels at signalized intersections. Accident Analysis and Prevention. Vol. 37, No. 3, pp. 417–425.

Chapter 6. Conclusions

The project team reviewed over 280 research reports, journal articles, and other technical documents on risk and exposure, and in particular, pedestrian and bicyclist risk and exposure. The findings of this review were summarized in Chapters 2 through 5:

Chapter 5. Risk Factors Other than Exposure

Understanding risk factors is an important step toward the improvement of pedestrian safety because a complete understanding can contribute to developing effective countermeasures. The discussion in this section focuses on significant factors that influence the risk of pedestrian and bicyclist crashes and crash-related injuries as identified in the literature.

Chapter 4. Exposure Analysis on Specific Transportation Facilities

This chapter summarizes examples of exposure analyses conducted on specific transportation facilities. In some cases, exposure estimates are calculated for specific facilities, but also aggregated to various areawide geographies.

Chapter 3. Exposure Analysis at Areawide Levels

Pedestrian and bicyclist exposure to risk can be estimated and analyzed at numerous geographic scales. This chapter summarizes examples of exposure analysis conducted at areawide levels. In this chapter, areawide is a generic term that includes all geographic scales that are not facility-specific. The term areawide in this chapter includes several area scales, such as networks, neighborhoods, systems, regional, city, and state.

Chapter 2. Definitions and Concepts

This chapter summarizes basic definitions and concepts for risk and exposure, and then discusses these terms in the context of pedestrian and bicyclist safety analysis. It is important to define these terms and related concepts in the early stages, such that subsequent development work in this project has a clear and unambiguous foundation.

Chapter 1. Introduction

Background

The U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) has designated improved pedestrian and bicyclist safety as a top priority. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and other federal agencies routinely work with state and local agencies to provide technical resources, develop analytical approaches, and highlight best practices to improve the safety and connectivity of bicycling and walking networks. Part of this effort has been to promote a data-driven approach to identifying and mitigating safety problems.

Executive Summary

Background

The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and other federal agencies routinely work with state and local agencies to improve the safety and connectivity of bicycling and walking networks. Part of this effort has been to promote a data-driven approach to identifying and mitigating safety problems.