USA Banner

Official US Government Icon

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure Site Icon

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

U.S. Department of Transportation U.S. Department of Transportation Icon United States Department of Transportation United States Department of Transportation
FHWA Highway Safety Programs

Chapter 6. References

American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). Highway Safety Manual, 2010.

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, 2009.

Edara, P., C. Sun, C. Keller, and Y. Hou. Evaluating the Benefits of Dynamic Message Signs on Missouri's Rural Corridors, Report No. cmr 13-004, Final Report Prepared for Missouri Department of Transportation, 2012.

Olson, D., M. Sujka, and B. Manchas. Performance Analysis of Centerline and Shoulder Rumble Strips Installed in Combination in Washington State, Report No. WA-RD 799.1, Washington State Department of Transportation, 2013.

Patel, R. B., F. M. Council, and M. S. Griffith. Estimating the Safety Benefits of Shoulder Rumble Strips on Two-Lane Rural Highways in Minnesota: Empirical Bayes Observational Before-After Study, Transportation Research Record 2019, Transportation Research Board, 2007.

Persaud, B. N., R. A. Retting, and C. A. Lyon. Crash Reduction Following Installation of Centerline Rumble Strips on Rural Two-lane Roads, Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, Arlington VA, September 2003. [Available online at http://www.dot.state.mn.us/trafficeng/safety/rumble/IIHS_report.pdf, accessed November 2013.]

Torbic, D. J., J. M. Hutton, C. D. Bokenkroger, K. M. Bauer, D. W. Harwood, D. K. Gilmore, J. M. Dunn, J. J. Ronchetto, E. T. Donnell, H. J. Sommer III, P. Garvey, B. Persaud, and C. Lyon. Guidance for the Design and Application of Shoulder and Centerline Rumble Strips, NCHRP Report 641, Transportation Research Board, 2009.