The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) organized 26 States to participate in the FHWA Low-Cost Safety Improvements Pooled Fund Study as part of its strategic highway safety plan support effort. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety effectiveness of several low-cost safety improvement strategies through scientifically rigorous crash-based studies. One of the strategies evaluated for this study was STOP AHEAD pavement markings. STOP AHEAD pavement markings are intended to reduce the frequency of crashes related to lack of driver awareness of stop control at unsignalized intersections. The safety effectiveness of this strategy had not previously been thoroughly documented; therefore, this study attempts to provide an evaluation of STOP AHEAD pavement markings through scientifically rigorous procedures.