As the Nation moves into a future of increased automated traffic technologies, transportation managers will need new tools to monitor traffic and control flow. Effective traffic management will require sensing and monitoring systems that provide information at the level of individual vehicles. Because of this, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Exploratory Advanced Research (EAR) Program is supporting research that uses ultra wideband (UWB) radar to identify and track individual vehicles as they move through traffic. The Advanced Vehicle Tracking System (AVTS) project, conducted by Honeywell Corporation and Time Domain Holdings, in collaboration with the University of Minnesota, will recognize and track individual vehicles, rather than aggregated vehicle patterns, and will work without relying on vehicle-based technology that provides information about location or movement. Small-scale highway tests of AVTS show that the system can sense individual vehicles and identify them based on size and movement. Further refinement of the technology will provide managers with an important new tool to improve traffic monitoring capabilities.